For one your description of the dependent clauses of verse 40 is methodologically flawed. Dependent clauses are not created from simple sentences. Whether you’ve studies linguistics, I do not know, but that sort of “deep structure” for such grammatical constructions has been rejected by the vast majority of linguists – even the one who first proposed them (i.e. Chomsky – cf. most recently The Minimalist Program theory). Dependent clauses always function differently that independent clauses. At a discourse level, they function as offline material, not online.

Secondly, Paul, quite clearly, believes that Jesus is God – evidenced from his regular use of κυριος throughout his letters – he regularly aligns OT passages that refer to YHWH and puts Jesus in that position. If you have’t read, Pauline Christology by Gordon Fee, then you need to. Nuf, said.